\batchmode
\documentclass[11pt]{book}
\makeatletter
  \usepackage{a4}	
  \usepackage{babel} 
  \usepackage{italian} 
  \usepackage{latexsym} 
  \usepackage{linuxdoc} 
  \usepackage{makeidx} 
  \usepackage{epsfig} 
  \usepackage{float}                   
  \usepackage[american]{varioref}                
  
  
  
  \providecommand{\devel}{n}
  \providecommand{\uguide}{{\em Linux Guida dell'Utente\/}}
  \providecommand{\ldpgs}{{\em Installation and Getting Started\/}}
  \providecommand{\ldpsa}{{\em The\/ Linux System Administrator's
  Guide\/}}
  \providecommand{\ldpng}{{\em The\/ Linux Networking Guide\/}}
  \providecommand{\unix}{Unix}
  
  \providecommand{\uslunix}{{\sc UNIX}}
  
  \providecommand{\ttindex}[1]{\index{#1@{\tt #1}}} %
\providecommand{\bindex}[1]{\index{#1|(}}
  \providecommand{\eindex}[1]{\index{#1|)}}
  \providecommand{\bttindex}[1]{\index{#1@{\tt #1}|(}}
  \providecommand{\ettindex}[1]{\index{#1@{\tt #1}|)}}
  \providecommand{\impindex}[1]{\index{#1|bold}}
  \providecommand{\impttindex}[1]{\index{#1@{\tt #1}|bold}}
  \providecommand{\bold}[1]{{\bf #1}}
  
  \providecommand{\concept}[1]{{\bf #1}\index{#1|bold}\glossary{#1}}
  
  
  
  \renewcommand{\key}[1]{\fbox{\sf #1}\,}
  \renewcommand{\ret}{\fbox{\sf Invio}\,}
  \providecommand{\eof}{\fbox{\sf Ctrl-d}\,}
  
  \floatstyle{ruled}
  \restylefloat{figure}
  
  
  
  \author{Larry Greenfield} 
  \title{Linux Guida dell'Utente}
  \years{1993, 1994, 1996}
  \abstract{Tutto il necessario
  per iniziare ad usare \linux, una versione
  di UNIX liberamente distribuibile. Questo manuale descrive i comandi base
  di UNIX e quelli specifici di \linux. Questo manuale \`e rivolto
  ai nuovi utenti \linux, anche se pu\`o essere utile per consultazione agli
  utenti pi\`u
  esperti.}
  \if nn
     \makeindex
  \fi
  
  \usepackage[dvips]{color}
\pagecolor[gray]{.7}


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\begin{figure}
  \begin{picture}
(148.00,365.00)(0.00,450.00)
  \put(9.00,805.00){\line(1,0){29.00}} % / -> bin
  \put(26.00,805.00){\line(0,-1){112.00}} % /'s children
  \put(26.00,791.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % dev
  \put(26.00,777.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % etc
  \put(26.00,763.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % home
  \put(64.50,763.00){\line(1,0){29.00}} % home -> larry
  \put(81.50,763.00){\line(0,-1){14.00}} % home's children
  \put(81.50,749.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % sam
  \put(26.00,735.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % lib
  \put(26.00,721.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % proc
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  \put(26.00,693.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % usr
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  \put(72.50,693.00){\line(0,-1){238.00}} % usr's children
  \put(72.50,676.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % bin
  \put(72.50,659.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % emacs
  \put(72.50,642.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % etc
  \put(72.50,625.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % g++-include
  \put(72.50,608.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % include
  \put(72.50,591.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % lib
  \put(72.50,574.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % local
  \put(107.00,574.00){\line(1,0){29.00}} % local -> bin
  \put(124.00,574.00){\line(0,-1){51.00}} % local's children
  \put(124.00,557.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % emacs
  \put(124.00,540.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % etc
  \put(124.00,523.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % lib
  \put(72.50,506.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % man
  \put(72.50,489.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % spool
  \put(72.50,472.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % src
  \put(100.50,472.00){\line(1,0){29.00}} % src -> linux
  \put(72.50,455.00){\line(1,0){12.00}} % tmp
  \put(8.50,805.00){\makebox(0,0)[rc]{/}}
  \put(39.50,805.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{bin}}
  \put(39.50,791.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{dev}}
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  \put(39.50,763.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{home}}
  \put(95.00,763.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{larry}}
  \put(95.00,749.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{sam}}
  \put(39.50,735.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{lib}}
  \put(39.50,721.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{proc}}
  \put(39.50,707.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{tmp}}
  \put(39.50,693.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{usr}}      % I'm expecting you to
  \put(86.00,693.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{X386}}     % proof-read this!
  \put(86.00,676.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{bin}}      
  \put(86.00,659.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{emacs}}    % I am, I am, don't worry! :-)
  \put(86.00,642.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{etc}}	% Translating is  easier! :)
  \put(86.00,625.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{g++-include}}
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  \put(86.00,591.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{lib}}
  \put(86.00,574.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{local}}
  \put(137.50,574.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{bin}}      % Come on, all of it!
  \put(137.50,557.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{emacs}}
  \put(137.50,540.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{etc}}
  \put(137.50,523.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{lib}}
  \put(86.00,506.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{man}}
  \put(86.00,489.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{spool}}
  \put(86.00,472.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{src}}
  \put(130.50,472.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{linux}}
  \put(86.00,455.00){\makebox(0,0)[lc]{tmp}}
\end{picture}
  \end{figure}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1154}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry$ ls
  /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1161}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry$ ls /
  bin      etc      install  mnt      root     user     var
  dev      home     lib      proc     tmp      usr      vmlinux
  /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1171}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry$ ls -F /
  bin/      etc/      install/  mnt/      root/     user/     var@
  dev/      home/     lib/      proc/     tmp/      usr/      vmlinux
  /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1184}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry$ ls /usr/local
  archives  bin       emacs     etc       ka9q      lib       tcl
  /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1213}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  mousehouse>pwd
  /home/larry
  mousehouse>\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}
  \end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1226}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry$ cd /home
  /home$ ls -F
  larry/     sam/       shutdown/  steve/     user1/
  /home$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1232}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home$ cd
  /home/larry$ cd /
  /$ cd home
  /home$ cd /usr
  /usr$ cd local/bin
  /usr/local/bin$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1258}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /usr/local/bin$ cd ..
  /usr/local$ ls -F
  archives/  bin/       emacs@     etc/       ka9q/      lib/       tcl@
  /usr/local$ ls -F ../src
  cweb/      linux/     xmris/
  /usr/local$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1270}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /usr/local$ ls -F ~/
  /usr/local$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1288}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry$ ls -F
  /home/larry$ mkdir report-1993
  /home/larry$ ls -F
  report-1993/
  /home/larry$ cd report-1993
  /home/larry/report-1993#\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1294}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry/report-1993$ mkdir /home/larry/report-1993/chap1 ~/report-1993/chap2
  /home/larry/report-1993$ ls -F
  chap1/  chap2/
  /home/larry/report-1993$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1307}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry/report-1993$ rmdir chap1 chap3
  rmdir: chap3: No such file or directory
  /home/larry/report-1993$ ls -F
  chap2/
  /home/larry/report-1993$ cd ..
  /home/larry# rmdir report-1993
  rmdir: report-1993: Directory not empty
  /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1315}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry$ cd report-1993
  /home/larry/report-1993$ ls -F
  chap2/
  /home/larry/report-1993$ rmdir chap2
  /home/larry/report-1993$ rmdir .
  rmdir: .: Operation not permitted
  /home/larry/report-1993$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1351}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry# ls -F /etc/passwd
  /etc/passwd
  /home/larry# cp /etc/passwd .
  /home/larry# ls -F
  passwd
  /home/larry# cp passwd frog
  /home/larry# ls -F
  frog  passwd
  /home/larry#\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}
  \end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1380}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry# ls -F
  frog  passwd
  /home/larry# mkdir passwd_version
  /home/larry# cp frog passwd passwd_version
  /home/larry# ls -F
  frog         passwd        passwd_version/
  /home/larry# ls -F passwd_version
  frog  passwd
  /home/larry#\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}
  \end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline1612}%
$n^{\rm mo}$%
\lthtmlinlinemathZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1407}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry$ ls -F
  inittab      pippo     rc_version/
  /home/larry$ rm inittab pippo pluto
  rm: pluto: No such file or directory
  /home/larry$ ls -F
  rc_version/
  /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1412}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry$ ls -F
  pippo  pluto/
  /home/larry$ ls -F pluto
  pippo
  /home/larry$ rm pluto/pippo
  /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1416}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry$ rm pluto pippo
  rm: pluto is a directory
  /home/larry$ ls -F
  pluto/
  /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen1437}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry$ cp /etc/inittab .
  /home/larry$ ls -F
  inittab
  /home/larry$ mv inittab pippo
  /home/larry$ ls -F
  pippo
  /home/larry$ mkdir report
  /home/larry$ mv pippo report
  /home/larry$ ls -F
  report/
  /home/larry$ ls -F report
  pippo
  /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{chapter}
\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{figure2242}%
\begin{figure}  \centering
  \epsfig{file=ps-files/screen-shot-5.ps, width=\linewidth}   
  \end{figure}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap2554}%
\fbox{\sf ctrl-c}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap2618}%
\fbox{\sf Alt}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline2472}%
$\pm$%
\lthtmlinlinemathZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{figure2377}%
\begin{figure}\begin{center}
  \begin{tabular}{|l|p{.4\linewidth}|p{.4\linewidth}|}\hline
    Nome & Seguito da & Esempio\\\hline
  {\tt -geometry} & geometria della finestra & {\tt xterm
    -geometry 80x24+0+90}\\\hline
  {\tt -display}  & display su cui si vuole far apparire il programma &
                    {\tt xterm -display lionsden:0.0}\\\hline
  {\tt -fg} & colore primario del primo piano & {\tt xterm -fg
    yellow}\\\hline
  {\tt -bg} & colore primario dello sfondo & {\tt xterm -bg blue}\\
  \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \end{center}
  \end{figure}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{figure2406}%
\begin{figure}
  \begin{center}
  \epsfig{file=ps-files/screen-shot-2.ps, width=\textwidth}   \end{center}
  \end{figure}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{figure2419}%
\begin{figure}
  \begin{center}
  \epsfig{file=ps-files/screen-shot-3.ps, height=3in}\hspace{0.7in}
  \epsfig{file=ps-files/screen-shot-4.ps, height=3in}   \end{center}
  \end{figure}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsubsection}
\stepcounter{subsubsection}
\stepcounter{chapter}
\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen2771}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry/report$ ls -F
 1993-1          1994-1          data1           data5
 1993-2          data-new        data2
 /home/larry/report$ mkdir ~/backup
 /home/larry/report$ cp data* ~/backup
 /home/larry/report$ ls -F ~/backup
 data-new        data1           data2           data5
 /home/larry/report$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen2788}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ echo Ciao!
 Ciao!
 /home/larry$ echo Come va?
 Come va?
 /home/larry$ cd report
 /home/larry/report$ ls -F
 1993-1          1994-1          data1           data5
 1993-2          data-new        data2
 /home/larry/report$ echo 199*
 1993-1 1993-2 1994-1
 /home/larry/report$ echo *4*
 1994-1
 /home/larry/report$ echo *2*
 1993-2 data2
 /home/larry/report$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen2799}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} mousehouse>echo /rc/fr*og
 echo: No match.
 mousehouse>\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen2808}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry/report$ echo "data*"
 data*
 /home/larry/report$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen2816}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} mousehouse>echo "data*"
 data*
 mousehouse>\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap3418}%
\fbox{\sf Ctrl-T}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen2841}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ ls -F
 un-file-lunghissimo
 /home/larry$ cp un-file-lunghissimo corto
 /home/larry$ ls -F
 corto                un-file-lunghissimo
 /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap3440}%
\fbox{\sf Tab}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen2889}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ ls
 /home/larry$ ls -F /usr/bin > lista
 /home/larry$ ls
 lista
 /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen2896}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ cat lista
 ...
 /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen2956}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ ls /usr/bin > temp-ls
 /home/larry$ more temp-ls
 ...
 /home/larry$ rm temp-ls\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen2990}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ yes\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap3646}%
\fbox{\sf Ctrl-C}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap3648}%
\fbox{\sf Ctrl-Z}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen2998}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} [1]+   Stopped                  yes\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3011}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} [1]+   Stopped                yes\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3025}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ kill %1
 [1]+  Stopped                 yes\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3032}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ jobs
 [1]+  Terminated                 yes\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3040}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ yes > /dev/null\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3051}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ yes > /dev/null
 ["yes" e' in esecuzione, e se premiamo ctrl-z adesso, lo sospenderemo
  e otterremo indietro il prompt. Immaginiamo che lo abbia appena fatto...]
 [1]+  Stopped                 yes >/dev/null 
 
 /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3061}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ bg
 [1]+ yes >/dev/null  &
 /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3073}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ fg
 yes >/dev/null 
 
 [adesso e' nuovamente in foreground. Immaginiamo che io abbia
  premuto ctrl-c per terminarlo]
 
 /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3078}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ yes  > /dev/null &
 [1] 1024
 /home/larry$ yes | sort > /dev/null &
 [2] 1026
 /home/larry$ yes | uniq > /dev/null 
 [e qui, premete ctrl-Z per sospenderlo]
 
 [3]+  Stopped                 yes | uniq >/dev/null\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap3730}%
\fbox{\sf ctrl-Z}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3098}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ fg %2
 yes | sort > /dev/null
 [e poi premete ctrl-C per eliminarlo]\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3104}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ %2
 yes | sort >/dev/null
 [e poi premete ctrl-C per eliminarlo]\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3110}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ jobs
 [1]-  Running                 yes >/dev/null  &
 [3]+  Stopped                 yes | uniq >/dev/null\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3119}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ fg %1
 yes >/dev/null 
 [adesso premete ctrl-Z per sospenderlo]
 
 [1]+  Stopped                 yes >/dev/null\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3124}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ jobs
 [1]+  Stopped                 yes >/dev/null
 [3]-  Stopped                 yes | uniq >/dev/null\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap3758}%
\fbox{\sf ctrl-z}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3130}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry$ bg
 [1]+ yes >/dev/null  &
 /home/larry$ jobs
 [1]-  Running                 yes >/dev/null  
 [3]+  Stopped                 yes | uniq >/dev/null\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen3136}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim} /home/larry# kill %1 %3
 [3]   Terminated              yes | uniq >/dev/null
 /home/larry# jobs
 [1]+  Terminated              yes >/dev/null
 /home/larry#\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}
 \end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{figure3141}%
\begin{figure}
 \index{shell!controllo dei job!riassunto}
 \begin{dispitems}
 \item{{\tt fg} {\sl\%job}} \`E un comando di shell che riporta in
 foreground un job. Per scoprire a quale viene applicato per default, 
 digitate {\tt jobs} e cercate quello con il {\tt +}.\\
 Parametri:
   Numero di job opzionale. Il default \`e il processo identificato con
   il {\tt +}.
  
 \item{{\tt\&}} Quando viene aggiunta una {\tt\&} alla fine della
   linea di comando, il comando viene eseguito automaticamente in background; il processo \`e poi soggetto a tutti i metodi
 normali di controllo dei job.
  
 \item{{\tt bg} {\sl\%job}} \`E un comando di shell che fa girare
 in background un   job sospeso. Per scoprire quale \`e di default,
 digitate {\tt jobs} e cercate quello con il {\tt +}.\\Parametri:
 numero di job opzionale. Il default \`e il processo identificato con il
 {\tt +}.
  
 \item{{\tt kill} {\sl\%job} {\sl PID}} \`E un comando di shell che
 termina un job in background, sia sospeso che attivo. Si dovrebbe
 specificare sempre il numero di job, e se state usando il numero di
 job, ricordatevi di anteporvi un {\tt\%}.\\Parametri: il numero di
 job (preceduto da {\tt\%}) o il PID (senza {\tt\%}). Su una stessa
 linea si possono specificare pi\`u job.
  
 \item{{\tt jobs}} Questo comando di shell elenca semplicemente
 alcune informazioni sui job attivi o sospesi al momento. Talvolta
 indica anche quelli che sono stati appena terminati.  
  
 \item{\fbox{\sf ctrl-c}\,}
         \`E il generico carattere di interrupt. In genere, se lo
 digitate mentre c'\`e un programma che gira in primo piano, lo termina
 (qualche volta servono un paio di tentativi); non funziona con tutti i programmi.
  
 \item{\fbox{\sf ctrl-z}\,} Questa combinazione di tasti sospende un
 programma, anche se alcuni programmi la ignorano. Una volta che \`e
 stato sospeso, il job pu\`o essere avviato in background o ucciso.
 \end{dispitems}
 \end{figure}%
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\stepcounter{subsection}
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{\newpage\clearpage
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\fbox{\sf F1}%
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{\newpage\clearpage
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\fbox{\sf F3}%
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\stepcounter{chapter}
\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap4550}%
\fbox{\sf Ctrl-L}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap4556}%
\fbox{\sf Barra spaziatrice}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap4558}%
\fbox{\sf d}%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap4560}%
\fbox{\sf /}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap4568}%
\fbox{\sf n}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap4570}%
\fbox{\sf :}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap4576}%
\fbox{\sf p}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
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\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen4114}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry$ cat animali
  Gli animali sono creature molto interessanti. Il mio animale preferito
  e' la tigre, un terrificante animale con grandi denti.
  Mi piace anche il leone---non e' di certo un erbivoro! 
  /home/larry$ grep igre animali
  e' la tigre, un terrificante animale con grandi denti.
  /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen4186}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry$ cat animali
  Gli animali sono creature molto interessanti. Il mio animale preferito
  e' la tigre, un terrificante animale con grandi denti.
  Mi piace anche il leone---non e' di certo un erbivoro! 
  /home/larry$ cp animali pippo
  /home/larry$ diff animali pippo
  /home/larry$ cat cani
  Gli animali sono creature molto nteressanti. Il mio animale preferito
  
  e' la tigre, un terrificante animale con grandi denti.
  Mi piace anche   il leone---non e' di certo un erbivoro! 
  /home/larry$ diff animali cani
  1c1,2
  < Gli animali sono creature molto interessanti. Il mio animale preferito
  ---
  > Gli animali sono creature molto nteressanti. Il mio animale preferito
  > 
  3c4
  < Mi piace anche il leone---non e' di certo un erbivoro!
  ---
  > Mi piace anche   il leone---non e' di certo un erbivoro!
  /home/larry$\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen4222}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry# tr [:lower:] [:upper:]
  questa e' una frase STRANA.
  QUESTA E' UNA FRASE STRANA.\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{chapter}
\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen4831}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tt}
{\tt /home/larry\$ emacs README}
   \end{tt}
\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{figure4842}%
\begin{figure}\begin{center}
\leavevmode \epsfxsize=5in
\epsfbox{ps-files/screen-shot-1.ps}\end{center}

\end{figure}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap5500}%
\fbox{\sf Control}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap5502}%
\fbox{\sf f}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen4865}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}--**-Emacs: file.txt        (Fundamental)--Top------------------------\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}
\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap5590}%
\fbox{\sf Backspace}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap5600}%
\epsfbox{ps-files/screen-shot-2.ps}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen4902}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}Find file: ~/\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}
\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap5724}%
\fbox{\sf Esc}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap5838}%
\fbox{\sf Delete}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap5840}%
\fbox{\sf Canc}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap6034}%
\fbox{\sf Meta}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap6036}%
\fbox{\sf Shift}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen5127}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tt}
{\tt > (rotate '(a b c d e))}
   \end{tt}
\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen5180}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tt}
load-path
   \end{tt}
\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen5191}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tt}
load-path\fbox{\sf C-j}\, \\
("/usr/lib/emacs/site-lisp/vm-5.35" "/home/kfogel/elithp" \\
 "/usr/lib/emacs/site-lisp" "/usr/lib/emacs/19.19/lisp")
   \end{tt}
\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen5199}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tt}
(global-set-key "\verb*+\+C-cl" 'goto-line)
   \end{tt}
\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen5229}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tt}
(setq inhibit-startup-message t)
   \end{tt}
\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen5241}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tt}
(setq case-fold-search nil) ; non considera le maiuscole nelle
ricerche\\
;; fa rientrare i programmi C come piace a me: \\
(setq c-indent-level 2)
   \end{tt}
\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen5248}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tt}
;; queste due linee vengono ignorate dall'interprete Lisp, ma\\
;; l'espressione seguente viene valutata appieno:\\
(setq una-stringa-letterale "Una strana pausa; per nessun motivo.")
   \end{tt}
\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen5266}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tt}
(load "c-mode") ; forza Emacs a caricarlo in c-mode.el o .elc
   \end{tt}
\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen5292}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}prompt> ls /usr/lib/emacs/19.19/lisp/*scheme*
/usr/lib/emacs/19.19/lisp/cmuscheme.el
/usr/lib/emacs/19.19/lisp/cmuscheme.elc
/usr/lib/emacs/19.19/lisp/scheme.el
/usr/lib/emacs/19.19/lisp/scheme.elc
/usr/lib/emacs/19.19/lisp/xscheme.el
/usr/lib/emacs/19.19/lisp/xscheme.elc\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}
\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen5299}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tt}
;; notate come l'espressione pu\`o essere spezzata in pi\`u linee. Il Lisp\\
;; in genere ignora gli spazi vuoti:\\
(autoload 'run-scheme "cmuscheme" \\
        "Avvia uno Scheme inferiore, come lo voglio io." t)
   \end{tt}
\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{chapter}
\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{subsection}
\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6546}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}alias ll="ls -l"\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{figure6571}%
\begin{figure}\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}alias ls="ls -F"          # da' i caratteri alla fine dell'elenco
alias ll="ls -l"          # ls speciale
alias la="ls -a"
alias ro="rm *~; rm .*~"  # elimina i file di backup creati da Emacs
alias rd="rmdir"          # risparmia battute!
alias md="mkdir"
alias pu=pushd            # pushd, popd, e dirs non sono stati spiegati in questo
alias po=popd             # manuale---forse volete guardare di che si tratta
alias ds=dirs             # nella manpage di bash
# questi sono solo scorciatoie da tastiera
alias to="telnet cs.oberlin.edu"
alias ta="telnet altair.mcs.anl.gov"
alias tg="telnet wombat.gnu.ai.mit.edu"
alias tko="tpalk kold@cs.oberlin.edu"
alias tjo="talk jimb@cs.oberlin.edu"
alias mroe="more"         # per correggere!
alias moer="more"
alias email="emacs -f rmail" # il mio lettore di posta
alias ed2="emacs -d floss:0 -fg \"grey95\" -bg \"grey50\""
                          # un modo di richiamare Emacs\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}

\end{figure}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6580}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}alias rf="refrobnicate -verbose -prolix -wordy -o foo.out"\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6584}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}alias ed2="emacs -d floss:0 -fg \"grey95\" -bg \"grey50\""\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6590}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}/home/larry# mroe hurd.txt\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6616}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}/home/larry# export PGPPATH=/home/larry/secrets/pgp\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6629}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}/home/larry# echo $PGPPATH
/home/larry/.pgp
/home/larry#\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6634}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}/home/larry# echo PGPPATH
PGPPATH
/home/larry#\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}
\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{figure6650}%
\begin{figure}\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}\hline
  \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{Variabile} &
    \multicolumn{1}{c|}{Contiene} &
    \multicolumn{1}{c|}{Esempio}\\\hline
  {\tt HOME} & La home directory & {\tt /home/larry} \\\hline
  {\tt TERM} & Il tipo di terminale & {\tt xterm}, {\tt vt100}, o
{\tt
    console} \\\hline
  {\tt SHELL} & Il percorso per la shell  & {\tt /bin/bash} \\
\hline
  {\tt USER} & Il vostro nome di login & {\tt larry} \\\hline
  {\tt PATH} & Lista di directory & {\tt
/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin/X11}\\
  &             in cui cercare i programmi &
        \\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}

\end{figure}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6692}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}/home/larry# env | grep ^PATH
PATH=/home/larry/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/TeX/bin
/home/larry#\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6711}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}/home/larry# /usr/bin/ls\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6718}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}/home/larry# clubly
clubly: command not found\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6725}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}/home/larry# echo $PATH
.:/home/larry/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/TeX/bin
/home/larry#\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6740}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}export PATH=${PATH}:.:${HOME}/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/TeX/bin\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6751}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}/home/larry# echo ${HOME}foo
/home/larryfoo
/home/larry#\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6756}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}/home/larry# echo $HOMEfoo

/home/larry#\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6767}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}export PS1='$PWD# '\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6790}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}# varie:
ulimit -c unlimited
export history_control=ignoredups
export PS1='$PWD>'
umask 022

# percorsi specifici per le applicazioni:
export MANPATH=/usr/local/man:/usr/man
export INFOPATH=/usr/local/info
export PGPPATH=${HOME}/.pgp

# il PATH principale:
homepath=${HOME}:~/bin
stdpath=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/ucb/:/etc:/usr/etc:/usr/games
pubpath=/usr/public/bin:/usr/gnusoft/bin:/usr/local/contribs/bin
softpath=/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin/X11:/usr/TeX/bin
export PATH=.:${homepath}:${stdpath}:${pubpath}:${softpath}
# Tecnicamente, le parentesi graffe non erano necessarie, perche' i due
# punti sono delimitatori validi; comunque, e' una buona abitudine abituarsi
# a mettere le parentesi, che non fanno mai male.

# alias
alias ls="ls -CF"
alias fg1="fg %1"
alias fg2="fg %2"
alias tba="talk sussman@tern.mcs.anl.gov"
alias tko="talk kold@cs.oberlin.edu"
alias tji="talk jimb@totoro.bio.indiana.edu"
alias mroe="more"
alias moer="more"
alias email="emacs -f vm"
alias pu=pushd
alias po=popd
alias b="~/.b"
alias ds=dirs
alias ro="rm *~; rm .*~"
alias rd="rmdir"
alias ll="ls -l"
alias la="ls -a"
alias rr="rm -r"
alias md="mkdir"
alias ed2="emacs -d floss:0 -fg \"grey95\" -bg \"grey50\""

function gco
{
  gcc -o $1 $1.c -g
}\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6819}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}#!/bin/sh
# La prima linea dice al sistema operativo quale shell usare per
# interpretare lo script. Lo script stesso dovrebbe essere reso eseguibile:
# lo si puo' fare con "chmod +x ~/.xinitrc".

# xmodmap e' un programma per dire al server X come interpretare i segnali
# da tastiera. Vale *veramente* la pena imparare ad usarlo. Si puo' fare
# "man xmodmap", "xmodmap -help", "xmodmap -grammar", e cosi' via. 
# Non garantisco che le espressioni qui sotto significhino qualcosa sul
# vostro sistema (non garantisco nemmeno che significhino qualcosa sul
# mio):
xmodmap -e 'clear Lock'
xmodmap -e 'keycode 176 = Control_R'
xmodmap -e 'add control = Control_R'
xmodmap -e 'clear Mod2'
xmodmap -e 'add Mod1 = Alt_L Alt_R'

# xset e' un programma per impostare qualche altro parametro del server X:
xset m 3 2 &       # parametri del mouse
xset s 600 5 &     # preferenze del salvaschermo 
xset s noblank &   # come sopra
xset fp+ /home/larry/x/fonts # per cxterm
# Per scoprirne di piu', "xset -help".

# Dice al server X di sovrapporre fish.cursor su fish.mask, ed usare 
# il disegno risultante come cursore per il mouse:
xsetroot -cursor /home/lab/larry/x/fish.cursor /home/lab/larry/x/fish.mask &

# un colore e un'immagine di sfondo che mi piacciono
xsetroot -bitmap /home/lab/larry/x/pyramid.xbm -bg tan

# da fare: xrdb? E il file .Xdefaults?

# Dovreste fare "man xsetroot" o "xsetroot -help" per avere altre
# informazioni sul programma usato qui sopra.

# Un programma client, l'orologio tondo a colori di Jim Blandy:
/usr/local/bin/circles &

# Forse vorrete avere un orologio sullo schermo in ogni momento? 
/usr/bin/X11/xclock -digital &

# Permette ai programmi client di X che girano su occs.cs.oberlin.edu di
# usare questo come schermo, e lo stesso per juju.mcs.anl.gov:
xhost occs.cs.oberlin.edu
xhost juju.mcs.anl.gov

# Potete anche dire al server X di permettere a client che girano su
# qualsiasi host (in cui host e' una macchina remota) di usare lo schermo, 
# mae'e un buco di sicurezza---questi client possono essere manovrati da
# qualcun altro, e chiunque potrebbe vedere le digitazioni della vostra
# password o cose del genere!
# In ogni caso, se volete farlo lo stesso, potete usare un "+" per
# significare tutti i possibili host, invece di uno specifico, cosi':
# xhost +

# E, infine, il manager di finestre:
/usr/bin/X11/twm
# Alcuni preferiscono altri manager. Io uso twm, ma spesso con Linux 
# viene distribuito anche fvwm:
# /usr/bin/X11/fvwm\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6837}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}# Imposta i colori per le varie parti delle finestre. Fa molto
# effetto sulla personalizzazione dell'ambiente.
Color
{
    BorderColor "OrangeRed"
    BorderTileForeground "Black"
    BorderTileBackground "Black"
    TitleForeground "black"
    TitleBackground "gold"
    MenuForeground "black"
    MenuBackground "LightGrey"
    MenuTitleForeground "LightGrey"
    MenuTitleBackground "LightSlateGrey"
    MenuShadowColor "black"
    IconForeground "DimGray"
    IconBackground "Gold"
    IconBorderColor "OrangeRed"
    IconManagerForeground "black"
    IconManagerBackground "honeydew"
}

# Spero che non abbiate un sistema in bianco e nero, ma se e' cosi'...
Monochrome
{
    BorderColor "black"
    BorderTileForeground "black"
    BorderTileBackground "white"
    TitleForeground "black"
    TitleBackground "white"
}

# Ho creato beifnag.bmp con il programma "bitmap". Qui dico a twm di
# usarlo come disegno di default per le barre del titolo delle
# finestre.
Pixmaps
{
    TitleHighlight "/home/larry/x/beifang.bmp"
}

# Non vi preoccupate di queste cose, sono solo per i fissati :-)
BorderWidth     2
TitleFont       "-adobe-new century schoolbook-bold-r-normal--14-140-75-75-p-87-iso8859-1"
MenuFont        "6x13"
IconFont        "lucidasans-italic-14"
ResizeFont      "fixed"
Zoom 50
RandomPlacement

# Questi programmi non avranno una barra del titolo per default:
NoTitle
{
  "stamp"
  "xload"
  "xclock"
  "xlogo"
  "xbiff"
  "xeyes"
  "oclock"
  "xoid"
}

# "AutoRaise" significa che la finestra viene messa in primo piano 
# ogni volta che il puntatore del mouse ci passa sopra. Io lo trovo
# scomodo, quindi l'ho disabilitato. Come potete vedere, ho ereditato
# il mio file .twmrc da persone che avevano la mia stessa idea.
AutoRaise 
{
  "nothing"    # Non mi piace autoraise # A me neanche # Nemmeno a me
}

# Qui vengono definite le funzioni dei pulsanti del mouse. Notate
# lo schema: un pulsante premuto sulla finestra di sfondo, senza
# premerci insieme nessun tasto modificatore, apre sempre un menu'. 
# Premere un pulsante su altre zone porta ad una qualche 
# manipolazione della finestra, ed i tasti modificatori vengono
# usati insieme ai pulsanti del mouse per avere le manipolazioni piu'
# sofisticate.
#
# Non c'e' bisogno che seguiate questo schema nel vostro .twmrc --
# la configurazione dell'ambiente e' completamente a vostro piacere.

# Pulsante = TASTI : CONTESTO : FUNZIONE
# ----------------------------------
Button1 =      : root    : f.menu "main"
Button1 =      : title   : f.raise
Button1 =      : frame   : f.raise
Button1 =      : icon    : f.iconify
Button1 = m    : window  : f.iconify

Button2 =      : root    : f.menu "stuff"
Button2 =      : icon    : f.move
Button2 = m    : window  : f.move
Button2 =      : title   : f.move
Button2 =      : frame   : f.move
Button2 = s    : frame   : f.zoom
Button2 = s    : window  : f.zoom

Button3 =      : root    : f.menu "x"
Button3 =      : title   : f.lower
Button3 =      : frame   : f.lower
Button3 =      : icon    : f.raiselower

# Potete scrivere delle funzioni personalizzate; questa viene usata
# nel menu' "windowops" quasi alla fine di questo file:
Function "raise-n-focus"
{
    f.raise
    f.focus
}

# Okay, qui sotto ci sono i menu' a cui ci si riferisce nella sezione
# dei pulsanti del mouse. Notate che molte delle voci 
# richiamano a loro volta dei sottomenu'. Potete avere quanti livelli
# di menu' volete, ma state attenti a non farli ricorsivi: non
# funzionano, ci ho provato.

menu "main"
{
"Vanilla"       f.title
"Emacs"         f.menu "emacs"
"Logins"        f.menu "logins"
"Xlock"         f.menu "xlock"
"Misc"          f.menu "misc"
}

# Questo mi permette di invocare Emacs su macchine diverse. Date 
# un'occhiata alla sezione sui file .rhosts per altre informazioni
# su come fare:
menu "emacs"
{
"Emacs"      f.title
"here"       !"/usr/bin/emacs &"
""           f.nop
"phylo"      !"rsh phylo \"emacs -d floss:0\" &"
"geta"       !"rsh geta \"emacs -d floss:0\" &"
"darwin"     !"rsh darwin \"emacs -d floss:0\" &"
"ninja"      !"rsh ninja \"emacs -d floss:0\" &"
"indy"       !"rsh indy \"emacs -d floss:0\" &"
"oberlin"    !"rsh cs.oberlin.edu \"emacs -d floss.life.uiuc.edu:0\" &"
"gnu"        !"rsh gate-1.gnu.ai.mit.edu \"emacs -d floss.life.uiuc.edu:0\" &"
}

# Mi fa aprire degli xterm su parecchie altre macchine. Guardate la
# sezione sui file .rhosts per altre informazioni.
menu "logins"
{
"Logins"     f.title
"here"       !"/usr/bin/X11/xterm -ls -T `hostname` -n `hostname` &"
"phylo"      !"rsh phylo \"xterm -ls -display floss:0 -T phylo\" &"
"geta"       !"rsh geta \"xterm -ls -display floss:0 -T geta\" &"
"darwin"     !"rsh darwin \"xterm -ls -display floss:0 -T darwin\" &"
"ninja"      !"rsh ninja \"xterm -ls -display floss:0 -T ninja\" &"
"indy"       !"rsh indy \"xterm -ls -display floss:0 -T indy\" &"
}

# I salvaschermo di xlock, richiamati con varie opzioni (ognuna
# delle quali da' un'immagine diversa):
menu "xlock"
{
"Hop"   !"xlock -mode hop &"
"Qix"   !"xlock -mode qix &"
"Flame" !"xlock -mode flame &"
"Worm" !"xlock -mode worm &"
"Swarm" !"xlock -mode swarm &"
"Hop NL"   !"xlock -mode hop -nolock &"
"Qix NL"   !"xlock -mode qix -nolock &"
"Flame NL" !"xlock -mode flame -nolock &"
"Worm NL" !"xlock -mode worm -nolock &"
"Swarm NL" !"xlock -mode swarm -nolock &"
}

# Programmi vari che uso ogni tanto:
menu "misc"
{
"Xload"         !"/usr/bin/X11/xload &"
"XV"            !"/usr/bin/X11/xv &"
"Bitmap"        !"/usr/bin/X11/bitmap &"
"Tetris"        !"/usr/bin/X11/xtetris &"
"Hextris"       !"/usr/bin/X11/xhextris &"
"XRoach"        !"/usr/bin/X11/xroach &"
"Analog Clock"  !"/usr/bin/X11/xclock -analog &"
"Digital Clock" !"/usr/bin/X11/xclock -digital &"
}

# Questo e' il menu' che ho collegato al pulsante centrale del mouse:
menu "stuff"
{
"Chores"       f.title
"Sync"         !"/bin/sync"
"Who"          !"who | xmessage -file - -columns 80 -lines 24 &"
"Xhost +"      !"/usr/bin/X11/xhost + &"
"Rootclear"    !"/home/larry/bin/rootclear &"
}

# Funzioni di X che talvolta sono comode:
menu "x"
{
"X Stuff"               f.title
"Xhost +"               !"xhost + &"
"Refresh"               f.refresh
"Source .twmrc"         f.twmrc
"(De)Iconify"           f.iconify
"Move Window"           f.move
"Resize Window"         f.resize
"Destroy Window"        f.destroy
"Window Ops"            f.menu "windowops"
""                      f.nop
"Kill twm"              f.quit
}

# Un sottomenu' del precedente:
menu "windowops"
{
"Window Ops"            f.title
"Show Icon Mgr"         f.showiconmgr
"Hide Icon Mgr"         f.hideiconmgr
"Refresh"               f.refresh
"Refresh Window"        f.winrefresh
"twm version"           f.version
"Focus on Root"         f.unfocus
"Source .twmrc"         f.twmrc
"Cut File"              f.cutfile
"(De)Iconify"           f.iconify
"DeIconify"             f.deiconify
"Move Window"           f.move
"ForceMove Window"      f.forcemove
"Resize Window"         f.resize
"Raise Window"          f.raise
"Lower Window"          f.lower
"Raise or Lower"        f.raiselower
"Focus on Window"       f.focus
"Raise-n-Focus"         f.function "raise-n-focus"
"Destroy Window"        f.destroy
"Kill twm"              f.quit
}\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}
\end{screen}%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6874}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}machine floss.life.uiuc.edu login larry password fishSticks
machine darwin.life.uiuc.edu login larry password fishSticks
machine geta.life.uiuc.edu login larry password fishSticks
machine phylo.life.uiuc.edu login larry password fishSticks
machine ninja.life.uiuc.edu login larry password fishSticks
machine indy.life.uiuc.edu login larry password fishSticks

machine clone.mcs.anl.gov login fogel password doorm@
machine osprey.mcs.anl.gov login fogel password doorm@
machine tern.mcs.anl.gov login fogel password doorm@
machine altair.mcs.anl.gov login fogel password doorm@
machine dalek.mcs.anl.gov login fogel password doorm@
machine juju.mcs.anl.gov login fogel password doorm@

machine sunsite.unc.edu login anonymous password larry@cs.oberlin.edu\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}
  \end{screen}%
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\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6902}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}frobnozz.cs.knowledge.edu jsmith
aphrodite.classics.hahvaahd.edu wphilps
frobbo.hoola.com trixie\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}
  \end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6909}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}frobbo$ whoami
trixie
frobbo$ rsh floss.life.uiuc.edu "ls ~"
foo.txt    mbox   url.ps    snax.txt
frobbo$ rsh floss.life.uiuc.edu "more ~/snax.txt"
[snax.txt viene visualizzato qui]\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen6919}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}frobbo$ whoami
trixie
frobbo$ rsh -l larry floss.life.uiuc.edu "ls ~"
[Elenco della mia directory su floss]\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
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\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen7768}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry# mail sam
  Subject: La documentazione utente
  Sto solo provando il sistema di posta.
  EOT
  /home/larry#\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen7791}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry# mail
  No mail for larry
  /home/larry#\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
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\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen7795}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry# mail larry
  Subject: Rane!
  e rospi!
  EOT
  /home/larry# echo "pippo" | mail larry
  /home/larry# mail
  Mail version 5.5 6/1/90.  Type ? for help.
  "/usr/spool/mail/larry": 2 messages 2 new
  >N  1 larry                 Tue Aug 30 18:11  10/211   "Rane!"
   N  2 larry                 Tue Aug 30 18:12   9/191  
  &\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
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\stepcounter{section}
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen7845}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry# finger sam
  Login: sam                              Name: Sam Greenfield
  Directory: /home/sam                    Shell: /bin/tcsh
  Last login Sun Dec 25 14:47 (EST) on tty2
  No Plan.
  /home/larry# finger greenfie@gauss.rutgers.edu
  [gauss.rutgers.edu]
  Login name: greenfie                    In real life: Greenfie
  Directory: /gauss/u1/greenfie           Shell: /bin/tcsh
  On since Dec 25 15:19:41 on ttyp0 from tiptop-slip-6439
  13 minutes Idle Time
  No unread mail
  Project: You must be joking!
  No Plan.
  /home/larry# finger
  Login    Name                 Tty  Idle  Login Time   Office     Office Phone
  larry    Larry Greenfield      1   3:51  Dec 25 12:50
  larry    Larry Greenfield      p0        Dec 25 12:51
  /home/larry#\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
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\stepcounter{subsection}
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen7878}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry# telnet lionsden
  Trying 128.2.36.41...
  Connected to lionsden
  Escape character is '^]'.
  
  lionsden login:\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\hfill\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{tex2html_wrap8211}%
\fbox{\sf Ctrl-]}%
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$\backslash$%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen9541}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry/report# cp report-1992 report-1993 backups\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
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{\newpage\clearpage
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\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  /home/larry/report# cp report-1992 report-1993\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{screen9554}%
\begin{screen}\begin{tex2html_preform}\begin{verbatim}  mousehouse> pwd
  /etc
  mousehouse> ls /tmp
  passwd
  mousehouse> rm passwd\end{verbatim}\end{tex2html_preform}\end{screen}%
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\appendix
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\stepcounter{chapter}
\setcounter{enumi}{-1}
\setcounter{enumi}{10}

\end{document}
